linux部署nginx
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一、安装
1. 在线安装
yum -y install nginx
- 查看位置
whereis nginx
- 查看位置
2. 离线安装
下载离线安装包http://nginx.org/en/download.html
- 安装nginx所需环境
- 1.1 安装 gcc 命令:yum install gcc-c++ (弹出选项,输入 y 即可)
- 1.2 安装 PCRE 命令:yum install -y pcre pcre-devel
- 1.3 安装 zlib 命令:yum install -y zlib zlib-devel
- 1.4 安装 openssl 命令: yum install -y openssl openssl-devel
- 编译安装
2.1 上传压缩包到指定目录
2.2 解压nginx压缩包:tar -zxvf nginx-1.8.0.tar.gz
2.3 查询配置参数,各个参数意思,此处不列举:./configure --help
2.4 参数设置(仅供参考,路径配置可不同,均属于加载,安装路径,可直接使用)
./configure –prefix=/usr/local/nginx –pid-path=/var/run/nginx/nginx.pid –lock-path=/var/lock/nginx.lock –error-log-path=/var/log/nginx/error.log –http-log-path=/var/log/nginx/access.log –with-http_gzip_static_module –http-client-body-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/client –http-proxy-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/proxy –http-fastcgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/fastcgi –http-uwsgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/uwsgi –http-scgi-temp-path=/var/temp/nginx/scgi
注意:此处将临时文件路径设置为:/var/temp/nginx/client,需要手动在var目录下新建temp,在temp下新建nginx目录,以及下面的client。mkdir -p /var/temp/nginx/client
2.5 编译安装:make install (此处命令,在解压后的nginx-1.8.0目录下直接执行,nginx安装在:/usr/local/nginx)
2.6 查看安装路径
cd /usr/local/nginx
有三个文件夹:conf、sbin、html conf下面是配置文件,主要是nginx.conf sbin下面是nginx文件。2.7 启动nginx:
cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin
./nginx
2.8 查询nginx进程:
ps aux|grep nginx
后面跟着./nginx是主进程 另一个则是工作进程2.8 停止nginx 方式一:
./nginx -s stop ()
此方式相当于先查出nginx进程id再使用kill命令强制杀掉进程。 方式二:./nginx -s quit
此方式停止步骤是待nginx进程处理任务完毕进行停止。2.9 重启nginx
./nginx -s reload
用于改动了nginx.conf 后重新加载配置文件,使配置文件生效。2.10 测试是否成功(ip+80默认端口)
3.开机自启动nginx
- 3.1 vi /etc/init.d/nginx 输入下面内容 作用:可以直接使用此处脚本对ng进行操作,如 查看状态:/etc/init.d/nginx status 启动:/etc/init.d/nginx start 停止:/etc/init.d/nginx stop 重启:/etc/init.d/nginx restart
#!/bin/bash # nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server # it is v.0.0.2 version. # chkconfig: - 85 15 # description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server. # It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone. # processname: nginx # pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid # config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx nginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf nginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pid RETVAL=0 prog="nginx" # Source function library. . /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions # Source networking configuration. . /etc/sysconfig/network # Check that networking is up. [ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0 [ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0 # Start nginx daemons functions. start() { if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1 fi echo -n $"Starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $RETVAL } # Stop nginx daemons functions. stop() { echo -n $"Stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd RETVAL=$? echo [ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid } # reload nginx service functions. reload() { echo -n $"Reloading $prog: " #kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -HUP RETVAL=$? echo } # See how we were called. case "$1" in start) start ;; stop) stop ;; reload) reload ;; restart) stop start ;; status) status $prog RETVAL=$? ;; *) echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1 esac exit $RETVAL
- 3.2 设置该文件为所有用户可以访问
chown a+x /etc/init.d/nginx
(a 是all的意思,x 是execute的意思)
4.部署一个静态文件
- 4.1 打开安装目录下的配置文件(这里是:/usr/loacal/nginx/conf/nginx.conf)
vi nginx.conf
在location中配置路径和页面,如下
server {
40 listen 8918;
41 server_name localhost;
42
43 #charset koi8-r;
44
45 #access_log logs/host.access.log main;
46
47 location / {
48 root /home/wwwroot/CNet/dist;
49 index index.html index.htm;
50 }
- 4.2 ifconfig查看端口,ip+port访问测试,出来也页面就成功了。
- 4.3 测试。查看端口是否通
telnet 127.0.0.1 8918
。 调用curl http://127.0.0.1:8918
或wget http://127.0.0.1:8918
二、常见问题
- 静态文件压缩,修改配置文件
gzip_min_length 100; gzip_types text/plain text/css application/xml application/javascript; gzip_vary on;